What are exotic termites?
Introduced non-native termites are wood-boring insects that can:
- cause structural damage to wood in any form including treated timbers, hardwoods, and softwoods
- attack plywood and timbers that are considered termite resistant
- attack dry wood in trees and plants.
But the main concern is their ability to destroy man-made wooden structures like boats, house framing, furniture, and fences.
Risk to New Zealand
Termites are classed as an unwanted pest in New Zealand. Introduced termites have been found in vessels which have come to New Zealand after international travel, and in some North Island homes.
Termites can be difficult to find. They can live in wooden structures for up to 5 years before mature termites (alates) emerge. It is often at this point that they're detected. And by then they may already have spread and caused a large amount of damage.
New Zealand also has 3 species of native termites that are not considered to be destructive and do not form large colonies.
Previous infestations of exotic termites found in New Zealand
Most recent infestations of exotic termites have occurred on boats arriving from overseas. They have involved several species, including western drywood termites (Incisitermes minor) and West Indian drywood termites (Cryptotermes brevis).
In 2021, infestations of western drywood termite were found on vessels in Tauranga and Northland. The vessels were fumigated and heat treated. Surveillance checks found no further signs of infestation. Both infestations were declared eliminated in 2024.
In 2024, West Indian drywood termites were found on 2 vessels – one in Auckland and the other in Northland. Clear evidence showed these infestations occurred offshore. Both vessels were heat treated and, following surveillance, the infestation on the Auckland vessel was declared eliminated in August 2024. Monitoring continues on the Northland vessel.
Treatment of vessels varies depending on the scale of the infestation and the materials used to build the boat. Localised insecticide and heat treatments are used to eradicate termites from vessels. Monitoring occurs for at least 9 months to ensure the treatment has been effective.
In 2021, some residential houses in Auckland were found to be infested with Australian subterranean termites. The houses were treated and monitoring continues.
A baiting system is used for land-based infestations. Termite-specific bait stations are used and monitored intensely until no termite activity is seen for 3 months. Monitoring can continue for up to 5 years before eradication can be declared.
How can you help?
We need your help to report signs of exotic termite infestation. The earlier that new colonies of termites are found, the greater chance we have to successfully eradicate them.
Signs of termite presence include their droppings, flying termites (alates), and their discarded wings.
Droppings
Winged termites
Alate wings
What to do if you suspect a termite colony
Any potential finds of introduced termites should be photographed and reported to the Biosecurity New Zealand Exotic Pest and Disease Hotline on 0800 809 966
You can also report sightings using our online form.
