Download Scrapie in sheep and goat germplasm - Final import risk analysis (April 2011)

This analysis considers the risk of introduction of scrapie through the importation of sheep and goat germplasm (semen or embryos). The risk analysis was considered necessary because there have been significant scientific advances since the last scrapie risk analyses were conducted in the early 1990s.

The results of embryo transfer experiments conducted since 2001 were examined, as well as the available literature on the likelihood of scrapie agent being present in semen.
The very significant advances made in understanding of the genetic control of scrapie were evaluated for their applicability in managing risks.

Developments in ante-mortem testing for the presence of scrapie infection were considered and evaluated for incorporation into import programmes. The developments in rapid post-mortem diagnostic tests were not considered in this analysis.

The analysis concludes that the likelihood of scrapie being introduced by embryo transfer is extremely low and the likelihood of introduction by semen is very low. However, because the risk of exposure is assessed as high and consequences of introduction are also high, the analysis concludes that measures to manage the risks are warranted.

Various risk management options, including the application of the international standards recommended in the OIE‟s Terrestrial Animal Health Code, are considered.

The possible risks posed by the agents of so-called „atypical‟ scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in sheep and goat germplasm are also assessed.