This document is an analysis of the risks associated with spotted wing drosophila (SWD, Drosophila suzukii) entering New Zealand via approved commercially produced fresh fruit from the United States of America. SWD, a vinegar or pomace fly native to Southeast Asia, is an emerging pest that is currently invading large parts of Europe and the Americas. Adult flies attack fresh, ripe fruit by laying eggs under the skin. The larvae grow inside the fruit, destroying its commercial value.

Palm kernel extract (PKE) meal is imported from a number of countries as supplemental feed for dairy cattle in New Zealand. Any contamination of unprocessed palm fruit with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) prior to manufacture would be unlikely to persist during manufacture. However, if unmanaged, contamination of manufactured PKE meal prior to shipment could be a source of FMDV introduction into New Zealand. Reliable certification that PKE meal has been stored and transported in a manner that avoids contact with FMDV-susceptible livestock may be sufficient to effectively manage this risk. Alternatively, manufactured PKE meal could be securely stored for a period sufficient to ensure deactivation of any contaminating FMDV prior to export (three months is suggested, reflecting the current international standard for managing the risk of FMDV associated with straw or forage from an infected country).

This risk analysis examines the biosecurity risks posed by the importation of new and used vehicles and machinery into New Zealand, and includes recommendations to be considered for managing these risks.

An analysis of the biosecurity risks associated with importing into New Zealand nursery stock of Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi pine) from Australia

An analysis of the viruses and viroids that are transmitted by seeds of Capsicum species and/or tomato.

An analysis of the biosecurity risks associated with importing into New Zealand fresh fruits of Litchi (Litchi chinensis) from Taiwan. Review of Submissions: No submissions received.

An analysis of the biosecurity risks associated with importing into New Zealand fresh Coconut (Cocos nucifera) from Tuvalu. Review of Submissions: No submissions received.

An analysis of the biosecurity risks associated with importing into New Zealand Citrus fruits from Samoa.

An analysis of the biosecurity risks associated with importing into New Zealand fresh fruits of Litchi (Litchi chinensis) from Australia.

An analysis of the viruses, viroids, phytoplasma, bacteria and diseases of unknown aetiology on Malus nursery stock from all countries.